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July 31: What Happened Today In History


nHappy Birthday, Stephanie Kwolek
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nBorn on this day in 1923 in Pennsylvania, Kwolek became a chemist and invented poly-paraphenylene terephtalamide. You know—Kevlar!
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nKwolek was working for DuPont when she invented Kevlar, which is used for bicycle tires, racing sails, mooring lines, and (famously) body armor. It is a high-strength material, especially considering its weight: Kevlar is FIVE TIMES stronger than steel, weight-for-weight.
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nKwolek received a patent in 1971 for Kevlar, and she has received at least 27 other patents and numerous awards for her work in polymer chemistry. A polymer is a natural or synthetic material made up of many (sometimes millions) of repeated units. Two examples of natural polymers are tortoise shell and amber. Plastics are polymers that humans artificially make.

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nFind out more about polymers.
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  • Here is a polymer experiment using PVA glue and borax.
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  • This experiment is a bit easier, because it combines white glue with borax.
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  • Kwolek is quoted in this family guide to invention, put out by the Smithsonian Institution:
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  • “All sorts of things can happen when you’re open to new ideas and playing around with things.
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